Materialism, status signaling, and product satisfaction

The consumer satisfaction literature has not, for the mos part, integrated individual values into the product evaluation process. Yet a comprehensive understanding of consumer satisfaction can best be attained by including both consumer and product factors. To demonstrate the usefulness of including individual values, this research focuses on one consumer value, namely, materialism. The authors empirically explore how this individual value is linked to consumers’ evaluations of products they have purchased. Using surveys, the authors collected data from a sample of college students (n=211) and a sample of adults (n=270). Across these two studies, using divergent samples and products, they find consistent evidence that materialism is negatively related to product satisfaction in product categories with high potential for status signaling, but unrelated to product satisfaction in product categories with lower potential for status signaling. The consumption goals that produce these product evaluations are empirically addressed Jeff Wang (jianfeng76@yahoo.com; PhD, City University of Hong Kong) is an assistant professor of marketing in the Faculty of Business at the City University of Hong Kong. This work was conducted when he was a doctoral student of marketing in the Eller College of Management at the University of Arizona. His research interests include social networks and consumer behavior, consumer satisfaction and well-being, materialism and consumption meanings, and consumer interests and public policy issues. His dissertation studies credit card debt as a socially embedded phenomenon and investigates how consumers leverage their interpersonal ties as they accumulate and repay their debt. Melanie Wallendorf (mwallendorf@eller.arizona.edu) is Soldwedel Professor of Marketing in the Eller College of Management at the University of Arizona. She holds an MS in sociology and a PhD in marketing from the University of Pittsburgh. Her articles on the sociocultural aspects of consumption have been published in theJournal of Consumer Research, Journal of Marketing Research, Advertising and Society Review, Addiction, Journal of Macromarketing, andAmerican Behavioral Scientist, among others. Her coauthored article on “The Sacred and Profane in Consumer Behavior” won theJournal of Consumer Research Best Article Award in 1992. Her research has been featured in theWall Street Journal, The Washington Post, The New York Times, American Demographics, andFortune, and has been funded by the Marketing Science Institute, the Arizona Disease Control Research Commission, and the Office of Earth Science at NASA.     

委托代理风险的多维标度与防范对策研究--来自复杂系统和博弈论的启示

委托代理风险是现代企业治理中的共性问题,由于传统研究侧重于契约关系的完善而缺乏对风险性质本身的深入解析,所以研究的结果可以改善代理关系, 但未必能有效防止风险.本文在对现代企业理论相关研究进行探讨的基础上,将研究的焦点从契约关系研究转向风险性质研究,从经济维、政治维、文化维、时间维四个角度对代理风险进行了深层次剖析,并针对代理风险的特性提出了相应的防范对策.     

金融风险度量方法的新进展

本文对风险度量的新进展进行了讨论,介绍了一些当前流行的风险度量工具,并从失真函数的角度考察风险度量,指出它们和传统方法的区别,同时对动态风险度量方法也进行了总结。     

中国银行市场化改革效果研究

近年来，政府采取了大量措施对银行系统进行改革，包括为三家大型国有银行的注资、引进新的管理机制、引进国外战略投资者等，但目前信贷风险数据及信贷决策侧重所反映出的银行市场化改革的效果依然不清楚。本文分析了自1997—2004年间的信贷风险数据，发现国有商业银行的信贷规模在减缓，但在贷款利率定价上仍然没有差别，银行在做出贷款决定时，似乎并没有将企业的盈利能力考虑进来，同时发现，大型国有商业银行在具有更高企业利润省份内的信贷市场份额在继续减少。     

试论谨慎性原则在会计工作中的运用

谨慎性原则是经济发展与管理过程中的必然产物,是会计结构中必不可少的原则:权责发生制原则中包含谨慎性原则,实现原则中包含谨慎性原则,会计处理方法中也贯穿着谨慎性原则;谨慎性原则的具体应用体现在提取坏账准备、低估存货、加速折旧、固定资产减值、在建工程减值、无形资产摊销等方面;在采用谨慎性原则的同时,应防止过度谨慎,注意如何恰当运用谨慎性原则.     

住房公积金贷款的风险与防范

住房公积金贷款是职工使用住房公积金的重要方式,具有其它使用方式无法比拟的优点。但住房公积金贷款制度在运作过程中也存在着一系列潜在风险。针对这些风险,主要应当从改革和完善委托贷款管理机制、完善贷款审批制度和贷款抵押管理、建立健全个人信用制度、构建贷款风险的政策化解机制等方面加强防范。     

从个人决策向决策科学化转型——中国民营企业实现可持续发展必须跨越的台阶

21世纪是以数字技术、基因技术为基础,以信息革命和生物革命为标志的新经济时代。与时俱进,实现技术、产品、管理、组织、文化的创新,特别是重大决策的科学化,是企业获得持续发展的关键所在。不少中国民营企业至今对此认识不足,而迷信个人作用,搞个人决策,这正是造成其短命的重要原因之一。深入分析中国民营企业决策个人化的危害和根源,有利于实现从个人决策向决策科学化的转型。     

论我国商业银行操作风险管理

操作风险是商业银行面临的诸多风险中的一类,对商业银行的经营管理起到非常重要的作用,应该将其纳入商业银行全面风险管理体系,提高风险管理的有效性,并建立防范操作风险的长效机制。     

发展粮食期货市场 促进粮食市场化改革

随着粮食生产经营的全面市场化,健全和完善粮食期货市场有了更重要的现实意义:调节粮食供求,稳定粮食价格;优化粮食品种结构,推动产业化经营;为粮食企业提供避险渠道;减轻入世冲击,保护粮食安全。文章指出发展粮食期货市场的政策措施包括:推出大宗粮食期货交易品种;培育和发展套期保值用户;规范粮食现货市场;发展商品投资基金;开创场外交易;调整不符合国际惯例的法规政策。     

我国商业银行操作风险及其防范对策探析

操作风险是当前我国商业银行面临的主要风险之一，在很大程度上影响了我国银行业的经营安全和竞争力。通过对我国商业银行操作风险现状的分析及其与国际银行的比较，揭示了我国商业银行操作风险的特点及其与国际银行操作风险在表现形式上的差异；在对上述现象成因分析的基础上，为我国商业银行操作风险的防范与控制提出了措施和政策建议。